300KV高頻直流高壓發生器操作步驟

1.1、使用前準備

※ 如做容(rong)性負載試驗時(shi)，應接入(ru)限流電阻

1.1.1 在(zai)使用前應檢(jian)查(cha)連(lian)接電纜(lan)不應有斷路(lu)和短(duan)路(lu)現象，倍壓筒不應有凝露現象，設備無破裂等損壞。

1.1.2 將控制(zhi)箱與倍壓筒用(yong)五芯連接電纜連接好(hao)，倍壓筒和控制(zhi)箱必須保持足夠(gou)距離。保護接地(di)(di)線(xian)與工(gong)作(zuo)接地(di)(di)線(xian)以(yi)及放電棒的接地(di)(di)線(xian)均應(ying)(ying)單獨接到試(shi)品的地(di)(di)線(xian)上(即一點接地(di)(di))。嚴禁各(ge)接地(di)(di)線(xian)相互串聯，為此，應(ying)(ying)使用(yong)DHV專用(yong)接地(di)(di)線(xian)。

1.1.3 電(dian)源開關(guan)置(zhi)(zhi)于關(guan)斷位置(zhi)(zhi)并將調壓電(dian)位器(qi)回至零位。過電(dian)壓保護整定值設定為試驗電(dian)壓的1.1倍。

1.2、空載升壓驗證過電(dian)壓保(bao)護(hu)整定(ding)

1.2.1 接通電源開關，此時高壓斷紅燈(deng)亮，表示電源接通。

1.2.2 按下高(gao)壓通綠色按鈕，則綠燈亮，表示高(gao)壓接(jie)通。

1.2.3 順時針方向平緩調節(jie)調壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電位器，輸出(chu)端即(ji)從零開始升壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，升至所需電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)后，按(an)規定時間記錄(lu)電流表讀數，并檢查控(kong)制箱及高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)輸出(chu)線有(you)無(wu)異常現象及聲響。必要時用外接高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)分壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器校準(zhun)控(kong)制箱上的電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)表頭。

1.2.4 降(jiang)壓，將(jiang)調壓電(dian)位器回(hui)零后，隨即按高(gao)壓斷紅(hong)色按鈕，切斷高(gao)壓并關閉電(dian)源開(kai)關。

1.3、對試品進行泄漏及直流(liu)耐壓(ya)試驗(yan)

1.3.1 在(zai)進(jin)行1.1-1.2檢(jian)(jian)查試(shi)驗確認直流高壓發生器無異常情況后(hou)(hou)，即(ji)(ji)可開始進(jin)行試(shi)品的泄漏及直流耐壓試(shi)驗。將試(shi)品、地線等(deng)連接好，檢(jian)(jian)查無誤后(hou)(hou)即(ji)(ji)打開電(dian)源(yuan)。

1.3.2 根據(ju)步驟1.2.1-1.2.3升(sheng)壓至所(suo)需電(dian)壓或電(dian)流。

升壓(ya)速度以每秒(miao)3～5kV試(shi)(shi)驗電壓(ya)為宜。對于大(da)電容試(shi)(shi)品升壓(ya)時還需(xu)監視電流(liu)表充(chong)(chong)電電流(liu)不超過額定的最大(da)充(chong)(chong)電電流(liu)。

對小電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容試品如(ru)(ru)氧化(hua)鋅避(bi)雷(lei)器(qi)、磁吹避(bi)雷(lei)器(qi)等(deng)，先(xian)升(sheng)至(zhi)所需(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu))的(de)(de)95％左右，再緩(huan)慢升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)至(zhi)所需(xu)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu))，從數(shu)顯表上讀(du)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu))值。如(ru)(ru)需(xu)對氧化(hua)鋅避(bi)雷(lei)器(qi)進行泄漏值測(ce)量(liang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，先(xian)升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)至(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)為1mA時(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)值，然后按下0.75倍黃色按鈕，此時(shi)(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)降至(zhi)原來的(de)(de)0.75倍，并在(zai)一(yi)分(fen)鐘內保持此狀(zhuang)態。此時(shi)(shi)(shi)可讀(du)取(qu)泄漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)值（uA）。測(ce)量(liang)完畢(bi)后，調(diao)壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位器(qi)逆(ni)時(shi)(shi)(shi)針(zhen)回到零，按下高壓(ya)(ya)斷紅色按鈕，如(ru)(ru)需(xu)再次(ci)升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)時(shi)(shi)(shi)按高壓(ya)(ya)通綠色按鈕即(ji)可。

1.3.3 試(shi)驗(yan)完畢，根據步驟1.2.4降壓。

※ 必要時(shi)用外接(jie)高壓(ya)分壓(ya)器比對控制箱上(shang)的電壓(ya)。

1.4、幾種測量(liang)方(fang)法

1.4.1 一般測量時，當接好線后，先將直流高壓發生器連(lian)接試(shi)(shi)品的(de)(de)線懸空(kong)，升(sheng)壓(ya)至(zhi)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)后，記(ji)錄空(kong)載試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)時(shi)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈和雜(za)散電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)I1，然后接上試(shi)(shi)品連(lian)接線，升(sheng)壓(ya)至(zhi)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)后，讀取(qu)總電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)I2,得到試(shi)(shi)品的(de)(de)泄漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)為Io=I2-I1。

1.4.2 當需要精確測量(liang)被(bei)試品泄漏電流時，則(ze)應在高壓側串入高壓微安(an)表，如圖5所(suo)示。

圖5 微安(an)表接入試品CX高(gao)壓側接線圖

微安表必須有金屬屏(ping)(ping)蔽，應采用(yong)屏(ping)(ping)蔽線與試(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)連接。高(gao)(gao)壓引線的屏(ping)(ping)蔽引出應與儀表端的屏(ping)(ping)蔽緊密(mi)連接。如果試(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)表面污穢要排除(chu)試(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)表面泄漏(lou)電(dian)流的影(ying)響(xiang)，可在試(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)高(gao)(gao)電(dian)位端用(yong)裸(luo)金屬軟(ruan)線緊密(mi)繞幾(ji)圈后(hou)與高(gao)(gao)壓引線的屏(ping)(ping)蔽層(ceng)相(xiang)連接，如圖6所示。

1.4.3對氧(yang)化鋅、磁吹避雷器等試(shi)品(pin)(pin)接地端可拆開的(de)(de)情況下，也(ye)可采用在試(shi)品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)底部(地電位側(ce))串入電流(liu)表進行(xing)測量的(de)(de)方式，如圖7所(suo)示。當要排除試(shi)品(pin)(pin)表面泄(xie)漏電流(liu)的(de)(de)影響，可用軟(ruan)的(de)(de)裸銅線(xian)在試(shi)品(pin)(pin)地電位端繞上幾圈并(bing)與(yu)屏蔽線(xian)的(de)(de)屏蔽層相(xiang)連接，如圖8所(suo)示。

1.4.4 對(dui)于氧化鋅避(bi)雷器(qi)等(deng)小電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)試(shi)品，試(shi)驗(yan)完(wan)后(hou)一般(ban)通過(guo)(guo)機內測壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，時間很快(kuai)。而對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜等(deng)大(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)試(shi)品，試(shi)驗(yan)完(wan)后(hou)一般(ban)要(yao)待試(shi)品電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)自放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)至試(shi)驗(yan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的(de)20％以(yi)下，再通過(guo)(guo)配套的(de)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)棒進(jin)行放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，待試(shi)品充分放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)掛(gua)好接(jie)地線，才(cai)允許進(jin)行高(gao)壓(ya)引(yin)線的(de)拆除和(he)更(geng)換接(jie)線的(de)工作(zuo)。

1.5、保護動作(zuo)后的操(cao)作(zuo)

在使用過程中發現高壓(ya)通綠(lv)燈(deng)滅，高壓(ya)斷紅(hong)燈(deng)亮，電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)下(xia)降的現象，即為保護動作。此時應(ying)關閉電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)開(kai)關，面板指(zhi)示燈(deng)均(jun)不(bu)亮，將調壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)位器退(tui)回(hui)零位，一分鐘后待機內低壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)容器充分放電(dian)(dian)，查明情(qing)況后，才允許再次打開(kai)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)開(kai)關，重新(xin)進行試驗。